Knowledge Infused Collaboration

iReserves Allows Your Library and Faculty to Provide Better Course Materials for Less Money
Students learn faster, Easier, and with Better Retention

It is an unfortunate fact that copyright limitations laws for books and scientific journals apply to the printed form of the items. Over 20 years, there have been many meetings and discussions about updating the law for the digital age, but never with the necessary consensus to change the laws. We can keep waiting and complaining while we hope for change someday, or we can better utilize the gifts the copyright law authors gave us – the copyright limitations laws. ILL and self-serve copying/digitizing are two copyright limitations laws that are regularly used in thousands of US libraries. DLSG should know – well over 90% of ILL and self-serve digitization is performed using BSCAN ILL and KIC Self-serve digitization systems. Both of these technologies are protected by copyright law Title 17 Section 108. Title 17 section 9 (First sale) explicitly states that libraries can lend print books. Public Display (also in section 9) and the official congressional notes on Public Display are included later in this brochure.

iReserves with KIC can restore reserves use without paywalls to pre-digital age levels while adding powerful content-enhancing technologies that help students derive maximum benefit from reserves materials. A full complement of digital study tools are integrated with Personal Digital Mind Palaces that organize course of content from multiple sources and support Instagram® speed Rapid Review from item to item. An AI-age relevancy-based SearchMATCH Discovery System (SMD) for reserves content that is not currently reserved can also find relevant ILL-digitized articles and Opus-digitized special collections.

• ⁽¹⁾ Only excerpts can be digitized and viewed anywhere, not entire books
• ⁽²⁾ Highlights that are made while in the library on iReserves content are retained and when the student returns to the library and the content is again visible, the highlights will also appear
• ⁽³⁾ Flashcards that are made from iReserves content while in the library are retained and when the student returns to the library and the content is again visible, flashcard source content can be recalled
• ⁽⁴⁾ Only print items that are sturdy enough to be considered for placement in Print Reserves and digitized with a V-cradle equipped KIC
• ⁽⁵⁾ Only for students that have ILL request privileges

From 1980 to 2020, higher education costs as a percentage of median family income have tripled, and with AI threatening massive job displacement, it is clear that education quality must rise while the costs stay in check. iReserves and KIC self-serve digitization systems in the library can help significantly.

iReserves with KIC is packed with powerful, copyright-legal content access, highlighting and annotation features that can raise the quality of education for a significant percentage of courses. Course Mind Palaces and Rapid Review amalgamate myriad pieces of study content from many print items into one highly vetted, instantly navigable digital course compendium with instant recall and Instagram® speed review. SearchMATCH Discovery uses AI algorithms, but leaves the conclusions to the students, thus avoiding the hallucinations and consensus seeking biases that AI experts are beginning to admit will NOT be eliminated by scaling up LLM-AI with more and more expensive hardware.

Note that iReserves is based on the ‘Public Display’ copyright limitations laws and self-serve digitization is also protected by a copyright limitations law. Copyright Limitations Laws were added to copyright law so that they would be used as necessary to curtail overreach by copyright holders. Copyright laws defend big college textbook publishers’ pricing power. They should share the burden of overpriced education, and this is a perfect use for Copyright Limitations Laws and the technologies that enable them.

The following is an example of a faculty member teaching a course to 50 students per year with a $250 book.

Without iReserves, Students Could Pay $32,500 Over Five Years

During the first year, 50 students will each pay $250, for a total of $12,500. During subsequent years, used books and rentals will lower the collective cost for the students, perhaps to $5,000. After five years, 250 students will have paid $32,500 or an average Of $130 each.

With iReserves and KICs, Students will occasionally Pay $0

If a faculty member is able to find excerpts from ten to twenty or more books that together are significantly superior to the current course textbook, the excerpts can completely replace the current course textbook.

1. The faculty member sends a request to the library to put the copyright-controlled excerpts on reserve and simultaneously makes ILL requests for each of the excerpts.
2. The faculty member uses the content from the fulfilled ILL requests to create one or more Course Mind Palaces, building a well-organized compendium with highlights and annotations, and shares it with the class via email or the learning management system.
3. The students are able to view open access content immediately and can use the [ Get with KIC ] feature and visit the reserves desk at the library and digitize any excerpts they want or need, and those excerpts will be viewable along with the highlights and annotations.
4. During instruction, the faculty member can display the Course Mind Palaces and excerpts on-screen and the students can follow along by bringing up the same Course Mind Palaces and excerpts on their tablet or notebook computer. The students can add their own highlights and annotations in class and while studying.

With the Addition of an iFence

An iFence gives students digital access to all the excerpts while in the library, without needing to use a KIC to digitize the content. iFences ensure that the Public Display copyright law is complied with. For example, if the library has reserved two copies of a particular item, only two students can simultaneously view the item.

Students benefit from your print collections when they can find content that is relevant to what they are studying. SearchMATCH Discovery takes study material as input, SearchMATCHes all content that your library has ever added to the iReserves iFence and is currently not reserved, as well as all other iFence content, and instantly displays the

relevant items, provided the student and the print version of the content are both in the library and inside an iFence. Access to additional relevant materials can help students better understand their assigned textbooks, and is great for students that want the best education they can get.

Discovery is the whole process of finding, filtering, and reviewing journal articles and other forms of research. To find articles, researchers can perform relevancy-based SearchMATCH and full-text search and review citation networks, subject feeds, smart recommendations, alert (notifications) and article abstract search services. Quick filtering for likely value is done by favoring certain publishers or authors, or by reading titles and abstracts. More thorough filtering is done by scanning the content for potentially important elements and more carefully reviewing those elements.

While journal articles have traditionally been mostly for scientists and PhD students, and a little for Masters students, times are changing. Millions of Journal articles are now being published each year and articles are becoming important even for many undergraduate students. DLSG’s Article Discovery Tools include SearchMATCH Discovery, Rapid Review, Shareable Personal Mind Palaces, Research Hunt, and Copyright Limitations Technologies in Libraries (e.g., ILL, self-serve digitization, Public Display).

Article discovery is painfully slow – For example scientific researchers typically spend 200 hours per year and admit they should spend twice that, but the process is tedious and inefficient:

• For decades, article discovery relied on searches of abstract databases, which are known to be woefully inadequate.
• When relevant articles were found, they had to be downloaded to be viewed.
• Third-party software has helped remove inefficiencies from review, but much more improvement is needed.

The result has been to substantially slow global scientific advancement. DLSG's objective is to eliminate much of the tedium and improve efficiency and effectiveness so substantially that scientists can get 400 hours of literature discovery done in 200 hours.

Students and researchers need a discovery system that:

1. lets them input many pages of content and find the most relevant items from a vast repository of copyright-controlled and open access content.
2. finds the most relevant items, not just the items that contain a few search terms
3. allows them to review the results at Instagram® speeds
4. highlight interesting points and info
5. save the highlights and use them later to instantly recall the sources

DLSG's SearchMATCH Discovery is a whole generation beyond simple full-text search of massive amounts of content - its results are relevancy-based, without the hallucinations that plague LLM-AI - SearchMATCH does not draw conclusions. SearchMATCH can take hundreds of pages of content as input and simultaneously search on massive amounts of copyright-controlled library print content and open access content. The SMD repositories include 20% of all scientific journal articles ever published.

PhD students often maintain personal journal article collections. Scientist’ collections typically include anywhere from 200 to 2,000 articles that they frequently or occasionally reference. Because they have so many articles that are relevant to their current research, when scientists want to reference a particular piece of research, they often have trouble remembering which article the research is in. Sometimes they can’t remember which article the specific piece of research is in, and sometimes they simply can’t remember the name of the article.

DLSG’s Personal Digital Mind Palaces allow users to create multiple Mind Palaces, each on a specific topic, and in each Mind Palace they can create multiple rooms, each on a specific subtopic, and in each room, they can place snippets from each book chapter or article of interest.

Article snippets are chosen to capture the essence of the content from the perspective of the user that made the snippets. To reread a particular piece of content, the user needs only to click to open the Mind Palace, find a snippet and click to select it.

Mind Palaces are particularly effective because they utilize the human brain’s well-developed loci ‘circuitry’ to find content by the locations of their snippets in well-organized Digital Mind Palaces.

Mind Palaces can also be shared with classmates by email. Open access content is instantly viewable, while copyright-restricted content must first be digitized by a KIC system at the library, and sent to MyDocs, whereupon it becomes viewable.